Dating back to 1989, the original Montreal Manifesto was created by AIDS activist organizations Act Up from New York and Aids Action Now! From Toronto. The Montreal AIDS Manifesto called for an international code of rights that is based on acknowledging and preserving the humanity of people with HIV disease – including the active involvement of affected communities in decision-making that may affect them. The Montreal Manifesto paved a new path in discussing, treating and actively engaging with PLWHIV. Today, the Montreal Manifesto advocates for even more inclusivity, research development, and accessibility to all resources for all PLWHIV/PWA.The new Manifesto discusses the themes of human rights, prevention, testing, treatment, global equity and research – making room especially for the underrepresented or vulnerable communities who are unequally affected and stigmatized by HIV.